Restoring Gut Health with Fecal Microbiota Transplant: Balancing Risks and Benefits

Abstract

Microbiology (FMT). Fecal Microbiota Transplantation has gained prominence in recent years due to the increasing cases of  Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI). According to (Anonye) “Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been used as a treatment of last resort for recurrent C. difficile infections (CDI) with a cure rate of 85–90% after the first FMT.” Bacteriophages play a vital role in the function of the host microbiota. The procedure has been proved as ideal in the restoration of lost microbial function. Although FMT is regarded as highly effective, it carries risks. The question that arises is what constitutes a healthy gut phageome and how it influences human gut microbiota during the transfer from donor to recipient. How is it safe? Is the procedure stable? Donor microbiota can lead to serious and life-threatening conditions due to the transmission of pathogenic bacteria. Various incidences have been reported by patients complaining of infections and hospitalizations and this raises concern about the efficacy of FMT. According to ((Schneider)), A new study concerns the transfer of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli from a single donor to two highly compromised elderly patients. This prompted the US Food ad Drug Administration to raise an alarm on the potential risks of FMT. This implies that the administration of FMT is not free from adversity. FMT procedure is often regarded as stable, however, it is attributed to alteration of gut microbiota which can hinder metabolic processes or inflammation of the gut area. According to ((Wilson et al), FMT can lead to gut dysbiosis associated with low microbial diversity. Compatibility influences the success of FMT. Genetic factors, immunity, microbial interactions, and environmental factors can differ between the donor and the recipient creating controversy. The human microbiome composition attributes to age, sex, race, and ethnicity. This implies that a defect may occur if the...